网上古玩商城精品推荐19年第10期--天青釉刻诗文填金瓜棱觚

汝窑窑址在今河南宝丰，为北宋宫廷烧制瓷器，历年不久，即遭北宋末年金人南侵，南宋周辉已有汝器“近尤难得”之叹。汝窑为宋代名窑中传世品最少的一个品种，流传至今不足百件，主要有盘、碗、洗、盏托之类，器体一般较小，所见器物有两种铭文：一为“奉华”，奉华堂是南宋高宗时德寿宫的配殿，“奉华”铭器是奉华堂的专用品；另一种刻铭“蔡”，物主可能为徽宗时权臣蔡京或其子驸马蔡鞗，应为蔡氏父子受宫廷赏赐所得 。

Ru kiln site in Baofeng, Henan Province, fired porcelains for the court of the Northern Song Dynasty. Not long ago, it was invaded by the Jin people in the late Northern Song Dynasty. Zhou Hui of the Southern Song Dynasty had already sighed that Ru ware was "rare near". Ru kiln is one of the least handed down products in the famous kilns of the Song Dynasty. It has been handed down to less than 100 pieces, mainly plates, bowls, washes and cups. Its body is generally small. There are two kinds of inscriptions: one is Fenghua, Fenghuatang is the supporting palace of the Deshou Palace in the Gaozong period of the Southern Song Dynasty, the other is dedicated to Fenghua Hall, and the other is inscribed Cai, whose owner may be the Minister of power in the Huizong period. Cai Jing or his son, Ma Cai Huang, should be rewarded by the court for Cai's father and son.

汝窑瓷胎多数如香灰，透过釉层，其色调与官窑器有些近似。汝窑瓷器的釉色不同于同时期其他的青瓷，呈现一种淡淡的天青色，浓淡不一，色调稳定，变化较少，具有独特的风格。

Ru kiln porcelain bodies are mostly aromatic ash, which passes through the glaze layer, and their tone is somewhat similar to that of official kilns. The glaze color of Ru kiln porcelain is different from other celadon in the same period, showing a light azure color, different shades, stable tone, less change, with a unique style.

汝窑器以精美名贵著称，受皇室珍爱直至南宋。南宋周密《武林旧事》记载一份绍兴二十一年（公元1151年）宋高宗赵构宠臣张俊向高宗进奉礼物的清单，其中供奉的汝窑器有10种，共16件。

Ru kiln ware is famous for its exquisite and precious, which was cherished by the royal family until the Southern Song Dynasty. Zhou Mi's Old Stories of Wulin in Southern Song Dynasty recorded a list of gifts offered to Gaozong by Zhang Jun, the favorite Minister of Zhao Gong of Song Gaozong in the 21st year of Shaoxing (1151 A.D.). Among them, there were 10 kinds of Ru kiln ware offered, totaling 16 pieces.

宋瓷的釉色泛起了创新且富厚多彩的时势。这时，不仅刷新了石灰釉的配方，还发现了可以使釉层浓重的石灰碱釉。景德镇窑的影青瓷，汝窑的青瓷，龙泉窑的梅子青瓷，使瓷器真正到达了“如冰似玉”的境界。至于钧窑的乳光釉、哥窑的炒米黄色釉、定窑的紫釉、绿釉和红釉，建窑的乳浊黑釉等，使釉色使用空前富厚。

The glaze color of Song Porcelain is innovative and colorful. At this time, not only refreshed the formula of lime glaze, but also found that the lime alkali glaze can make the glaze thick. The shadow Celadon of Jingdezhen kiln, the Celadon of Ru kiln and the plum Celadon of Longquan kiln make the porcelain really reach the realm of "like ice as jade". As for the Milky glaze of Jun kiln, the fried rice yellow glaze of Ge kiln, the purple glaze, green glaze and red glaze of Ding kiln, and the opaque black glaze of kiln construction, the glaze color is unprecedentedly rich.

金灭北宋后，汝窑也汝窑随之消亡。其开窑时间前后只有二十年，由于烧造时间短暂，传世亦不多，在南宋时，汝窑瓷器已经非常稀有。流传到今天的真品已不足百件，已知的仅67件半，其中台北故宫21件，北京故宫17件，上海博物馆8件，英国戴维中国艺术基金会（Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art）7件，其他散藏于美、日等博物馆和私人收藏约10件，还有在中国内地零散的两件以及某博物馆里的半件。全世界收藏有汝窑瓷器的博物馆不到10家。1992年一件直径8厘米的汝窑小盘在纽约苏富比拍卖行的一次拍卖会上以154万美元成交。之后，在香港的一次拍卖会上，一件汝窑三牺尊更是创下5000万港元的天价。

After the Northern Song Dynasty, Ruyao also disappeared. It was only 20 years before and after the kiln was opened. Because of its short firing time and few handed down from generation to generation, Ru kiln pottery was very rare in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are fewer than 100 authentic works handed down today, only 67 and a half of which are known. Among them, 21 are in Taipei Palace Museum, 17 are in Beijing Palace Museum, 8 are in Shanghai Museum, 7 are in Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art, 10 are in American and Japanese museums and private collections, and 2 are scattered in Mainland China and half are in a museum. 。 There are fewer than 10 museums around the world that collect Ru kiln porcelain. In 1992, a Ru kiln dish 8 centimeters in diameter was sold for $1.54 million at an auction at Sotheby's in New York. Later, at an auction in Hong Kong, a Ru kiln Sanjian set a high price of HK$50 million.

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