圣翰德—— 炉钧窑竹节胆瓶 精品推荐

圣翰德—— 炉钧窑竹节胆瓶 精品推荐

藏品名称：炉钧窑竹节胆瓶

Name of Collection: Bamboo Bile Bottle of Furnace Jun Kiln

藏品规格：高18cm；底直径 4.5cm

Collection specifications: 18cm； high; Bottom diameter 4.5cm

藏品类别：瓷器

Collection Category: Porcelain

炉钧瓷是清朝乾隆年间景德镇创烧的一种低温釉瓷器，制作的时候先由高温烧成素胎，然后在瓷胎上施以不同的颜色釉，再经低温炉火烘烤而成。由于釉面具有仿钧窑的特色，所以被人们称为“炉钧瓷”。炉钧瓷的色泽丰富，红、蓝、绿、月白等颜色融为一体，釉面还有细小的纹片。主要特征是以流淌的蓝釉形成自然的山峰水波纹的纹路，其间密布着星星点点的红、青色斑，使人感到变化万千的自然美。乾隆年间的炉钧釉红蓝相间，釉面流淌大，色泽以蓝为主；乾隆时期的炉钧釉，流淌小，以蓝点多见，是不可多见的珍品。

Lu Jun porcelain was a low-temperature glazed porcelain made in Jingdezhen during the reign of Emperor Ganlong of Qing Dynasty. During the making process, the porcelain was first fired at high temperature to form a plain body, then different colored glaze was applied to the porcelain body, and the porcelain body was baked by a low-temperature fire. The glaze is called "furnace Jun porcelain" because of its imitation of Jun kilns. Lu Jun porcelain is rich in color and luster. Red, blue, green, white and other colors are integrated. There are also tiny grains on the glaze. The main feature is that flowing blue glaze forms the natural lines of mountain peaks and water ripples, which are densely covered with stars of red and blue spots, making people feel the natural beauty of myriad changes. During the Ganlong years, the Jun glaze of the furnace was red and blue, with large glaze flow and blue color. The Jun glaze of the Ganlong period, with small flow and blue dots, is a rare treasure.

炉钧釉原本便是仿钧釉器，但没有钧釉色彩那种浓烈的大开大合，而是如小泉柳溪一般，细腻缠绵！炉钧色调丰富，几乎月白、葱翠、钧红、朱砂红等诸色皆备。由于使用了熔块釉，所以光泽性强，外表华美、艳丽。雍正年间炉钧的特点是：釉流动很快，流动处呈现紫红，釉面常有桔皮纹似片状，反光显五色。乾隆时的窑变流动状如雍正时流利，釉中窑变纹颜色泛兰。到嘉庆时流得更不畅，色兰。道光后不再是自然窑变，而是用紫笔画上去的一个个比小米粒略大的圈圈。釉中含有粉剂，故而釉厚不透明。釉面均开细小纹片，其结晶呈色多种，深浅不一，有红，兰，紫，绿，月白等色(如同有铅器表面的反射光泽)并熔于一体。在器物釉面上形成长短不一的垂流条纹，有的弯曲，有的垂直，还有的似山岚云气与斑点交混在一起，布满器身。如同五彩缤纷的孔雀尾羽一样，整齐美丽。釉中的红色并不太艳，红中泛紫，犹如刚成熟的高粱穗色。兰釉则如水波状，雍正年间的炉均釉基本上都保持这一特征。仿钧窑紫红斑所作的低温颜色釉。有"素炉均釉"与"浑炉均釉"两种。素炉均釉面呈蓝绿相间的麻点纹，在素坯上底喷翡翠(以氧化铜着色的粉彩颜料)，面喷广翠(以氧化钴着色的粉彩颜料)。浑炉均釉面呈红绿相间的麻点纹(红釉以胶体金着色)。800℃左右烧成。以清雍正、乾隆时期景德镇制品最精。

The furnace Jun glaze was originally an imitation of Jun glaze, but there was no strong opening and closing of Jun glaze color. It was just like Koizumi Liuxi, delicate and touching! Lujun is rich in color, almost all colors are available, such as white moon, green onion, red jun, red vermilion, etc. Due to the use of fritted glaze, it has strong luster, beautiful and gorgeous appearance. During Yongzheng's reign, the furnace was characterized by rapid glaze flow, purplish red at the flow place, orange peel lines like flakes on the glaze surface, and five colors of reflection. When dry, the kiln changes flow as fluently as Yongzheng's, and the color of kiln changes in glaze is blue. The flow was even more sluggish in Jiaqing, Selan. After Daoguang, it is no longer a natural kiln change, but circles slightly larger than small rice grains painted with purple. Glaze contains powder, so its thickness is opaque. The glaze surface is all provided with tiny striations, and the crystals are of various colors with different shades, including red, blue, purple, green, white and other colors (like the reflective luster on the surface of a lead device) and fuse into a whole. On the glaze surface of the utensil, vertical stripes of different lengths are formed, some are curved, some are vertical, and some are like Shan Lan clouds mixed with spots, which are all over the utensil body. Like colorful peacock tail feathers, it is neat and beautiful. The red in the glaze is not too bright. The red is purple, just like the ear color of newly mature sorghum. Blue glaze is like water wave, and the furnace average glaze during Yongzheng period basically maintained this feature. The low temperature colored glaze made by imitating Jun Kiln purple erythema. There are two kinds of "plain furnace uniform glaze" and "muddy furnace uniform glaze". The glaze surface of the biscuit is blue-green pitted. Emerald (powdered pigment colored with copper oxide) is sprayed on the top and bottom of the biscuit, while Guangcui (powdered pigment colored with cobalt oxide) is sprayed on the surface. The glaze surface of muddy furnace is red and green pitted (red glaze is colored with colloidal gold). Firing at 800℃. Jingdezhen's products were the best in Qing Yongzheng and Ganlong periods.

炉钧釉瓷在清雍正及以后历朝均有生产，其釉色各个时期也特别明显。常见造型分两类，一是瓶、缸类；二是文玩类。瓶、缸类大件者底均涂釉，官窑器均阴刻四字篆书本朝款。小件文玩底多无釉，露白瓷胎，少有款识。除造型需把握时代特征外，炉钧釉釉色各代亦不相同。

传世的炉钧釉瓶、尊等器中青蓝色者居多，红点者较少见。有素炉钧釉与浑炉钧釉两种。素坯上底喷翡翠（以氧化铜着色的粉彩颜料），面喷广翠（以氧化钴着色的粉彩颜料）。混炉钧釉面呈红绿相间的麻点纹（红釉以胶体金着色）。

因工艺难度大，且传世量极少，所以艺术价值高，有较大的升值空间。

Lu Jun glaze porcelain was produced in Qing Yongzheng and later dynasties, and its glaze color was especially obvious in various periods. Common shapes are divided into two categories, one is bottles and cylinders. The second is literature and play. The bottom of large bottles and jars are glazed, and the kiln ware is engraved with four-character seal script. The bottom of small articles is mostly unglazed, with white porcelain bodies exposed and little knowledge. In addition to the modeling needs to grasp the characteristics of the times, the glaze color of Jun glaze varies from generation to generation. Most of the Jun glaze bottles and veneration vessels handed down from ancient times are blue and blue, while red dots are rare. There are two types of Jun glaze: plain furnace and muddy furnace. Emerald (powdered pigment colored with copper oxide) is sprayed on the top and bottom of the biscuit, and Guangcui (powdered pigment colored with cobalt oxide) is sprayed on the surface. The Jun glaze surface of the mixed furnace is red and green pitted (red glaze is colored with colloidal gold). Due to the difficulty of the craft and the small quantity handed down from ancient times, the artistic value is high and there is much room for appreciation.