古玩行2019精品推荐第12期：中华民国开国纪念币壹圆。

古钱币是一个国家前史中构成的主要部分，其特定的前史时期在钱币史上占有着主要的位置，它不仅代表着近代我国的钱银文明，并且反映了我国近代前史、经济、金融的兴衰和沧桑，具有很高的艺术观赏价值和文物价值。古钱币中银元一直是一大热点。因为银元原料宝贵，艺术价值高。同时，银币制造量比古钱和民国纸币少得多，加上清末、民国战乱连连等要素，一些较宝贵的银元种类存世量已稀疏。其中就包括“孙小头”。

Ancient coins are the main part of a country's prehistory. Their specific prehistory period occupies a major position in the history of coins. It not only represents the modern Chinese civilization of money and silver, but also reflects the rise and fall of modern Chinese prehistory, economy and finance, with high artistic and cultural value. Silver dollar has always been a hot spot in ancient coins. Because silver dollar raw materials are precious and artistic value is high. At the same time, the production of silver coins is much less than that of ancient money and paper money of the Republic of China. In addition to the elements of the late Qing Dynasty and the war and chaos of the Republic of China, some valuable silver coins have been sparsely preserved. Including "sun xiaotou".

【藏品名称】：中华民国开国纪念币壹圆

[collection name]: one yuan of commemorative coins of the founding of the Republic of China

【类别】：钱币

Class: Coins

在中国近代史的发展历程中，出现了许多历史性的英雄人物。其中，于19世纪早期推翻满清封建君主专制统治、结束长达两千多年封建帝制的孙中山先生，成为近代社会发展过程中一位具有举足轻重地位的历史人物。孙中山先生不仅在政治上为中国做出了极大的贡献，而且在经济上也为中国的发展描绘了宏伟的蓝图，是近代历史上民主革命思想的先行者。

In the development of modern Chinese history, there are many historical heroes. Among them, in the early 19th century, Sun Yat Sen, who overthrew the autocratic rule of the feudal monarchy of the Manchu Dynasty and ended the feudal monarchy for more than 2000 years, became a historical figure with a pivotal position in the development of modern society. Dr. Sun Yat Sen not only made great contributions to China politically, but also drew a grand blueprint for China's development economically. He was the forerunner of democratic revolutionary thought in modern history.

1911年12月29日，经辛亥革命后，已光复的17省代表在南京推选孙中山为临时大总统。1912年1月3日，中华民国政府宣告成立，清朝灭亡，在中国持续2000多年的封建君主专制随之结束。民国成立时，由于币制尚未建立，除四川改铸大汉银币，福建改铸中华元宝外，主要的造币厂，大都仍沿用前清钢模铸造银币，以供流通需要。

On December 29, 1911, after the revolution of 1911, 17 provincial representatives who had recovered elected Sun Yat-sen as the temporary president of Nanjing. On January 3, 1912, the government of the Republic of China was founded and the Qing Dynasty was destroyed. The feudal autocracy which lasted for more than 2000 years in China ended. When the Republic of China was founded, because the currency system had not yet been established, except for the silver coins of Dahan in Sichuan and Zhonghua Yuanbao in Fujian, most of the major mints still used the steel mould of the former Qing Dynasty to cast silver coins for circulation.

图案采用大总统孙中山肖像，以后的通用银币再改花纹式样。孙中山令财政部行文，同意鼓铸纪念币，并命令其余的通用银币新花纹，“中间应绘五谷模型，取丰岁足民之义，垂劝农务本之规”，训令财政部速制新模，分令各省造币厂照式鼓铸。不久，财政部就颁下新模给江南(南京)、湖北、广东等造币厂依式铸造，这就是“中华民国孙中山像开国纪念币”的由来。

The design adopts the portrait of Sun Yat-sen, the great president, and later the general silver coin changes the pattern. Sun Yat-sen ordered the Ministry of finance to write, agreed to drum cast commemorative coins, and ordered the rest of the general silver coins to have new patterns, "in the middle, a model of five grains should be drawn, taking the meaning of the rich, the old and the people, and following the rules of urging the farmers to do business", ordered the Ministry of finance to quickly make new patterns, and ordered the mints of all provinces to drum cast according to the patterns. Soon after, the Ministry of Finance issued a new model to Jiangnan (Nanjing), Hubei, Guangdong and other mints, which was the origin of "the founding commemorative coins of Sun Yat Sen of the Republic of China".

孙中山像中华民国开国纪念币壹圆下五星版(简称:孙中山开国纪念币下五星)一枚，PCGS MS64，下五角星版，1912年造，打制深峻，底板光洁，完美无瑕，拍卖成交价格68400元。此币正面中央为孙中山侧面肖像，边缘上镌中文隶书体“中华民国”4字，下镌“开国纪念币”5字，左右为长枝花饰。背面中央为中央隶书体“壹圆”及嘉禾，边缘英文“中华民国”、“壹圆”，左右偏下分列五角星。1912年开国纪念币下五星版在袁世凯窃取大总统后即停铸，因时间短暂，流用不多，尤显珍贵。

Sun Yat Sen is like a five-star version under the one yuan commemorative coin of the founding of the Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the five-star version under the Sun Yat Sen commemorative coin), PCGs ms64, the five-star version under the five-star version, made in 1912, with a deep and precipitous production, a smooth and flawless bottom plate, and an auction price of 68400 yuan. In the center of the obverse, there is a portrait of Sun Yat-sen on the side. On the edge, there are four characters of the Chinese official script "Republic of China" and five characters of "Founding commemorative coins", with long branches and flowers on the left and right. In the center of the back is the central clerical style "Yiyuan" and Jiahe, with the edge of "Republic of China" and "Yiyuan" in English, with five stars at the bottom left and right. In 1912, the five-star version of the founding commemorative coin stopped casting after Yuan Shikai stole the president. Because of the short time, it was rarely used, especially precious.

孙中山开国纪念银币，俗称“孙小头”，是第一枚将大总统头像替换皇家龙图的国币，这意味着宣告清王朝统治的结束，中国从此进入共和制的新纪年。此外，币面镌刻中英文字，意在告知外国人，中国新的开放时代来临。在集藏领域，向来对重大历史事件高度敏感的金银币收藏市场，会赋予藏品独特的价值，它的行情也会顺势火爆。

Sun Yat Sen's commemorative silver coin, commonly known as "sun xiaotou", is the first national coin to replace the head of the great president with the Royal Longtu, which means to declare the end of the Qing Dynasty, and China has entered a new era of republicanism since then. In addition, Chinese and English characters are engraved on the coin to inform foreigners that China's new open era is coming. In the collection field, the gold and silver coin collection market, which has always been highly sensitive to major historical events, will give unique value to the collection, and its market will be booming.

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