古玩城2020精品推荐第三期：鹰洋币

随着各国金本位、银本位的实施，外国银元来源日少。1919年，民国政府颁布政令，一切外国银元全部禁止在我国市场上流通，而在解放后新中国的币制改革中，更是绝大多数的老银元都被收缴、兑换。至此，外国银元在国内的存世量降到了历史低点，也导致了其在收藏市场地位的水涨船高。

With the implementation of gold standard and silver standard in various countries, the sources of foreign silver dollars are becoming less and less. In 1919, the government of the Republic of China issued a decree prohibiting all foreign silver dollars from circulating in China's market. In the monetary reform of New China after liberation, most of the old silver dollars were collected and exchanged. At this point, the amount of foreign silver dollars in China has dropped to a historical low, which has also led to its rising position in the collection market.

1890年（光绪十五年），随着我国龙洋的开铸，一举打破了由本洋、鹰洋等外国银元在我国一统天下的局面，民国二年、三年（1911年、1912年），民国政府又陆续发行了孙中山、袁世凯像银元（俗称小头、大头），由于铸工精良、标准统一、再加上我国劳动人民的民主经济意识逐渐觉醒，很快就在市场的流通中占据了主导地位，外国银元很快呈现弱势，到了1914年（民国的五年），民国政府下令大量回收国外银币，以作为铸造我国银币之原料，大量墨西哥铸银币被溶毁和流出境外。

In 1890 (the fifteenth year of Guangxu), with the opening of the Long Yang in China, the situation that foreign silver dollars such as Benyang and Yingyang dominated the world in China was broken in one fell swoop. In the second and third years of the Republic of China (1911 and 1912), the government of the Republic of China successively issued Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shikai as silver dollars (commonly known as small heads and big heads). Due to excellent casting, unified standards and working people in China, It soon occupied a dominant position in the circulation of the market, and foreign silver coins quickly showed weakness. In 1914 (five years of the Republic of China), the government of the Republic of China ordered a large number of foreign silver coins to be recycled as raw materials for casting Chinese silver coins, and a large number of Mexican silver coins were dissolved and flowed out of the country.

关于墨西哥人祖先阿兹特克人建国的传说。相传很久以前，太阳神为了拯救四处流浪的阿兹特克人，就托梦给他们，在哪里见到鹰叼着蛇站在仙人掌上，就可以在哪里定居下来。在太阳神的启示下，阿兹特克人南下到现在墨西哥城所在地，终于看到了这一奇迹，于是定居下来，建立了墨西哥城。

Legend of the founding of the aztecs, ancestors of mexicans. According to legend, a long time ago, in order to save the wandering Aztecs, the sun god gave them a dream, and wherever he saw an eagle standing on a cactus with a snake in his mouth, he could settle down there. Inspired by the sun god, the Aztecs went south to Mexico City and finally saw this miracle, so they settled down and established Mexico City.

墨西哥银圆又叫做"墨银"或"鹰洋"，后讹为"英洋"。墨西哥的铸币史可以追溯到16世纪以前。由于墨西哥盛产白银等有色金属，古代印第安阿兹特加人早就掌握了把金、银、铜等贵金属加工成生活用品、装饰品和祭祀器具的高超技艺。

Mexican silver dollar is also called "Mexico Silver" or "Eagle Ocean", which was later mistaken for "British Ocean". The history of coinage in Mexico can be traced back to before the 16th century. Because Mexico is rich in silver and other non-ferrous metals, Azteca people in ancient India have mastered the superb skills of processing precious metals such as gold, silver and copper into articles for daily use, decorations and sacrificial utensils.

此件藏品墨西哥鹰洋币正面是一展翅雄鹰，嘴叼长蛇(花边鹰洋蛇尾与鹰翅相连)单腿立在仙人掌(国花象征着墨西哥人顽强的斗争精神)上，边缘上方书西班文"REPUBLICA MEXICANA(墨西哥共和国)。背面中央为一顶自由软帽。帽檐书有西班牙文"LIBERTAD(自由)"字样。帽周围放射长短不一的光柱(花边鹰洋自由帽顶部的3支光柱中间一支较短)图案象征着力量、忠诚、和平和自由。边缘下半方铸有8R.M.1888.M.H.10D.20G.字样，字体规整，品相极好。墨西哥一直保持着悠久的铸币传统，在世界上享有声誉，许多国家都委托墨西哥铸币，这已经成为一种艺术。此枚精品银币钱文轮廓的清晰程度好，质量、工艺、成色堪称一流，对于集币爱好者来说，这枚墨西哥的鹰洋币，具有很高的历史价值、艺术价值和收藏价值。

On the front of this collection, the Mexican Eagle Coin is a winged eagle with a long snake in its mouth (the lace eagle tail is connected with the eagle wing) standing on the cactus on one leg (the national flower symbolizes the tenacious fighting spirit of Mexicans), and the book "Republic of Mexico" is written on the top of the edge. There is a free soft cap in the center of the back. The brim book has the Spanish word "LIBERTAD". Light beams of different lengths are radiated around the cap (one of the three light beams at the top of the lace eagle ocean free cap is shorter), which symbolizes strength, loyalty, peace and freedom. The lower half of the edge is cast with the words 8R.M.1888.M.H.10D.20G, with regular fonts and excellent appearance. Mexico has always maintained a long tradition of coinage, and enjoys a reputation in the world. Many countries have entrusted Mexico with coinage, which has become an art. This fine silver coin, Qian Wen, has a clear outline and first-class quality, craftsmanship and color. For coin collectors, this Mexican Eagle Ocean coin has high historical value, artistic value and collection value.

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