古玩城2020精品推荐第五期：中华民国三年壹圆银币赏析

袁大头是民国时期主要流通货币之一，“袁大头”是对袁世凯像系列硬币的口语俗称，严谨点说叫“袁世凯像背嘉禾银币”。北洋政府为了整顿币制，划一银币，于民国三年（1914年）二月，颁布《国币条例》十三条，决定实行银本位制度。《国币条例》规定："以库平纯银六钱四分八厘为价格之单位，定名为圆"，"一圆银币，总重七钱二分，银八九，铜一一"，"一圆银币用数无限制"，即以一圆银币为无限法偿的本位贷币。根据这一规定，于1914年12月及1915年2月， 先后由造币总厂及江南造币厂开铸一圆银币，币面镌刻袁世凯头像，俗称"袁头币"或"袁大头"。

Yuan Datou was one of the main currency in circulation during the period of the Republic of China. "Yuan Datou" is a colloquial term for Yuan Shikai's series of coins. To be precise, it is called "Yuan Shikai carrying Jiahe silver coin". In order to rectify the currency system, the Beiyang government issued 13 articles of the national currency regulations in February 1914, and decided to implement the silver standard system. According to the national currency regulations, "the unit price of Kuping pure silver is 6.4% and 8.0%, and it is named as Yuan", "one yuan silver coin, with a total weight of 7.2 cents, silver of 89, and copper of 11." there is no limit on the amount of one yuan silver coin, that is, one yuan silver coin is the standard loan currency with unlimited legal compensation. According to this rule, in December 1914 and February 1915, the general mint and Jiangnan Mint successively issued a silver coin with the head of Yuan Shikai engraved on its face, commonly known as "Yuan tou coin" or "yuan Datou".

“袁大头”在货币收藏界被称为银元之宝，它是中国近千种近代银币中流传最广、影响最大的银元品种，也是近代中国币制变革中的一个重要角色。

"Yuan Datou" is known as the treasure of silver dollar in the field of currency collection. It is the most widely spread and most influential silver coin among nearly 1000 kinds of modern silver coins in China, and also an important role in the reform of modern Chinese currency system.

清朝灭亡之后，1912年4月袁世凯出任大总统。北洋政府鉴于当时铸币、纸币十分复杂，流通的中外货币在百种以上，规格不一，流通混乱，折算繁琐，民众积怨，同时也想借助货币改制以解决军费问题，便决定铸发国币。袁世凯为了提高自己的统治地位，把他的头像铸于币面，“袁大头”由此而来。

After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, Yuan Shikai became president in April 1912. In view of the complexity of the coinage and paper money at that time, there were more than 100 kinds of Chinese and foreign currencies in circulation, with different specifications, disorderly circulation, complicated conversion, and people's resentment. At the same time, they also wanted to solve the military expenditure problem by means of currency reform, so they decided to issue national currency. In order to improve his ruling position, Yuan Shikai cast his head on the coin face, and "yuan Dadou" came from it.

此枚“中华民国三年壹圆银币”：此枚钱币上方为“中华民国三年”，背面图案均是两株交叉的稻穗，中央为“壹圆”字样，民国时期，军阀混战。各地军阀纷纷私铸袁大头，导致存世的袁大头质量良莠不齐。虽然经历了无穷岁月的洗礼，但是如今保存依然完好。其色泽光鲜自然，纹饰深浅适度，不论是文字还是图案，都显得自然细腻，深浅合适。边缘线条粗细均匀，间距也疏密一致。人像、发丝、胡须、穗芒等细微之处清晰有度，生动自然。它是一枚具有很高收藏价值的精品银币。

This "one yuan silver coin in the third year of the Republic of China": on the top of the coin is "the third year of the Republic of China". On the back, there are two crossed ears of rice, and the word "one yuan" is in the center. During the period of the Republic of China, warlords fought together. The warlords all over the country cast yuan Dadou privately, which led to the quality of yuan Dadou. Although it has experienced the baptism of endless years, it is still well preserved. Its color is bright and natural, and the depth of decorative patterns is moderate. Both the text and the pattern are natural and delicate, and the depth is appropriate. The thickness of the edge lines is uniform, and the spacing is also uniform. Portrait, hair, beard, ear awn and other details are clear, vivid and natural. It is a fine silver coin with high collection value.

由于它是实物货币，介于人们对贵金属的认可，以及对历史文化强烈的认同感，因此收藏的人不在少数。“袁大头”的变现能力比较强，这也是藏家看好的因素之一，“钱”景一片看好。

Because it is a kind of physical currency, between people's recognition of precious metals and their strong sense of identity with history and culture, there are not a few people collecting it. "Yuan Datou" has a strong liquidity, which is also one of the factors favored by collectors, and "money" is optimistic.

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