古玩城2020精品推荐第六期：康熙通宝错版币

方孔钱是我国古代钱币中最常见的一种，是指中间有方孔的圆形钱币，由环形钱演变而来，成为我国古代铜钱的固定形式。圆形方孔钱在形制上完全符合“天圆地方”传统哲学观念，所以在中国通行了两千多年，无论是秦统一中国后颁行的半两钱、汉代通行的五铢钱，还是唐代以后通行 的各种“通宝”、“元宝”，在形制上都完全一样。由于历代帝王将相和文人艺术家的参与，使小小的钱币成为文化艺术的载体和结晶，拥有一段悠久而丰富的历史。

Square coin is one of the most common coins in ancient China. It refers to the round coin with square hole in the middle, which evolved from circular coin and became the fixed form of copper coin in ancient China. Round square hole money conforms to the traditional philosophy of "heaven is round and place is round" in shape, so it has been used in China for more than 2,000 years. Whether it is half money issued after Qin unified China, five baht money passed in Han Dynasty, or all kinds of "Tongbao" and "Yuanbao" passed after Tang Dynasty, their shapes are exactly the same. Thanks to the participation of emperors, princes and literati artists, small coins have become the carrier and crystallization of culture and art and have a long and rich history.

康熙通宝，顾名思义就是在清圣祖康熙年间(1662-1722年)铸成并在清代流通的货币。作为我国的古代钱币之一，康熙通宝是非常具有考古价值的。由于当时社会秩序相对稳定，经济发展迅速，并且世界各地通商贸易频繁，货币经济也十分发达。所以康熙年间的钱币通常都铸造得非常精致，大都很规整，钱型厚重，文字美观大方，因此康熙通宝也具有一定的艺术价值。

Kangxi Tongbao, as its name implies, is a currency which was cast in Kangxi period (1662-1722) and circulated in Qing Dynasty. As one of the ancient coins in China, Kangxi Tongbao is of great archaeological value. At that time, the social order was relatively stable, the economy developed rapidly, and trade was frequent all over the world, and the monetary economy was also very developed. Therefore, coins in Kangxi period were usually very delicate, most of them were very regular, with thick money and elegant characters, so Kangxi Tongbao also had certain artistic value.

康熙帝命玄烨，生于顺治十一年(1654年5月4日)，在位六十一年，是中国历史上在位时间最长的皇帝。康熙元年(1662年)清政府下令停铸上代“顺治通宝”钱，而改铸“康熙通宝”，并规定以后凡是嗣位改元，所铸钱制皆如此例。纵观康熙一朝，在全国开设了大大小小总共二十四处铸钱局。由于受当时冶铸工本和钱币私铸等问题的影响，每一文康熙钱曾分别重一钱四分、一钱、七分，这样一来便产生了我们今天所见到的大、中、小三种不同重量的“康熙通宝”钱。康熙通宝面文楷书直读，背记局，分“满文”、“满汉文”二种，满文钱仿“顺治四式”，钱背满文“宝泉”、“宝源”左读，是户、工两部所造。满汉文钱仿“顺治五式”，穿左为满文“宝”，穿右为汉文记局名。后人为收藏和研究方便，将满汉文纪地的局名编在一起，形成了一首押韵、顺口的康熙钱“背文诗”。诗云：同福临东江，宣原苏蓟昌。南河宁广浙，台桂陕云漳。这首诗将“康熙通宝”钱背满汉文的二十局都囊括其中。所以有人将康熙的这套钱称为“诗文二十品”。

Emperor Kangxi, named Xuan Ye, was born in the 11th year of Shunzhi (May 4th, 1654), and reigned for 61 years. He was the longest reigning emperor in Chinese history. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), the Qing government ordered to stop casting the money of the previous generation "Shunzhi Tongbao", and instead cast "Kangxi Tongbao", and stipulated that the money system cast in the future would be like this. Throughout the reign of Emperor Kangxi, twenty-four coin casting bureaus, large and small, were set up throughout the country. Influenced by the problems of metallurgy and coin private casting at that time, Kangxi Qian Ceng weighed four cents, seven cents and one money respectively, thus producing the Kangxi Tongbao money with different weights, which we see today. Kangxi Tongbao's regular script is read directly and memorized by the bureau, which is divided into two types: "Manchu" and "Manchu Chinese". Money in Manchu imitates "Shunzhi Four Styles", and money in Manchu reads "Baoquan" and "Baoyuan" on the left, which is made by households and workers. Manchu Chinese money imitates "Shunzhi Five Styles", with Manchu "treasure" on the left and Chinese bureau name on the right. For the convenience of collection and research, the later generations compiled the bureau names of Manchu-Han-Wen-Ji regions together, forming a rhyming and smooth "back-written poem" of Kangxi Qian. Poetry: with Dongjiang, Fu Lin, Sujichang, Xuanyuan. Nanhe Ningguang Zhejiang, Taiwan Guishan Yunzhang. This poem includes 20 games in which Kangxi Tongbao's money is backed up in Chinese. Therefore, some people call Kangxi's money "Twenty Articles of Poetry".

此枚康熙通宝,直径：2.7cm，钱币正面以楷书书写“康熙通宝”四字，字体刚劲有力，从上而下而右而左直读，中间有方孔。背面左右用满文写有钱局的名称，即满文字体“宝源”二字。其为圆形方孔的铜币，形状外发天，内地法，取义精宏。在日光的照射下散发出熠熠光辉。观其图，造型圆润端庄，字迹清晰深俊，包浆浑厚温润。整体印制规整，钱型厚重，文字美观大方，币面书法笔力挺拔秀美，工笔雕刻细腻，锈色自然流畅，古朴大气，是康熙年间钱币铸造的精品，且此枚康熙通宝为一枚错版币，背逆90度错版，极其稀少，彰显出独树一帜的气貌，极具历史收藏价值与市场价值。

This Kangxi Tongbao, with a diameter of 2.7cm, is written with "Kangxi Tongbao" in regular script on the front of the coin. The font is strong and powerful, and it is read directly from top to bottom to right and left, with a square hole in the middle. On the left and right sides of the back, write the name of the rich bureau in Manchu, that is, the Manchu font "Baoyuan". It is a copper coin with a round square hole, and its shape is outward from the sky, with the inland method, and its meaning is precise. Under the sunlight, it shines brilliantly. Looking at the picture, the shape is round and dignified, the handwriting is clear and deep, and the patina is thick and warm. The overall printing is regular, the money type is heavy, the words are beautiful and generous, the calligraphy on the coin face is straight and beautiful, the meticulous carving is exquisite, the rust color is natural and smooth, and the atmosphere is simple and unsophisticated. Moreover, this Kangxi Tongbao is a wrong version of the coin, which is extremely rare, showing its unique style and has great historical collection value and market value.

错版钱币即为在我国古代制造钱币的模具上出现了错误，导致制成的钱币也出现了错误。金属铸币要经过设计、制模及铸造三个环节，所谓错版币，指在设计、制模或制版时出现错误的钱币。这种错版币一经发现会被立即销毁，也有少许错版币发行后流入市场无法收回，并不多见，因而收藏价值极高！

The wrong version of coins means that there was an error in the mold for making coins in ancient China, which led to the mistakes in the coins made. Metal coins go through three steps: design, mold making and casting. The so-called wrong version coins refer to coins with errors in design, mold making or plate making. This kind of wrong version currency will be destroyed immediately once it is discovered, and a few wrong versions will flow into the market and cannot be recovered, which is rare, so the collection value is extremely high!

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