古玩行2020精品推荐第4期：张择端《清明上河图》

清明上河图，中国十大传世名画之一。为北宋风俗画，北宋画家张择端仅见的存世精品。清明上河图，绢本设色。作品以长卷形式，采用散点透视构图法，生动记录了中国十二世纪北宋汴京的城市面貌和当时社会各阶层人民的生活状况。是汴京当年繁荣的见证，也是北宋城市经济情况的写照。

Qingming Riverside Picture, one of the top ten famous paintings handed down from ancient times in China. As a genre painting of Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Zeduan, a painter of Northern Song Dynasty, is the only masterpiece in the world. The Qingming Riverside Map is decorated in silk. In the form of a long scroll, the works vividly recorded the urban features of Bianjing in the 12th Northern Song Dynasty of China and the living conditions of people from all walks of life at that time. It was a witness to the prosperity of Bianjing in that year, and also a portrayal of the urban economic situation in Northern Song Dynasty.

《清明上河图》描绘了北宋东京清明时节汴河及其两岸的都市风光,再现了古代开封人以"上河"为中心郊游踏青祭扫的全部活动,表现了"出郊"、"上河"、"赶集"、"扫墓"等内容,生动地反映了千年前北宋京都地区的繁荣景象,显示了当时人们在清明时节进行踏青休闲体育活动的盛况。具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值。

The Qingming Riverside Map depicts the urban scenery of the Bianhe River and its banks in the Qingming Festival in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty, reappears all the activities of ancient Kaifeng people taking the "Shanghe River" as the center for outing and sweeping, shows the contents of "going out of the suburbs", "going to the river", "going to the market" and "sweeping the grave", vividly reflects the prosperity of Kyoto area in the Northern Song Dynasty thousands of years ago, and shows that people were engaged in leisure sports in the Qingming Festival at that time It has high historical value and artistic value.

张择端创作的《清明上河图》问世以来，有许多的摹本。其今藏于故宫博物馆。原作绢本淡设色，高24.8厘米，长528.7。原图以精致的工笔记录了宋末，徽宗时代首都汴京(今开封)和域内汴河两岸的建筑和民生。全卷气势恢弘，构图严谨全图分为三个段落。首段汴京郊外的春光，中段繁忙的汴河う头，

Since the publication of Qingming Riverside Map by Zhang Zeduan, there have been many copies. It is now hidden in the Palace Museum. The original silk is light in color, with a height of 24.8 cm and a length of 528.7. The original drawings record the architecture and people's livelihood on both sides of Bianjing (now Kaifeng), the capital of Huizong in the late Song Dynasty, and the Bianhe River in the region. The whole volume is magnificent and the composition is rigorous. The whole picture is divided into three paragraphs. The first spring on the outskirts of Bianjing, the busy Bianhe Head in the middle,

《清明上河图》真迹虽然只有一张，但能被后世的诸多大师所临摹，足以体现其价值。赵孟頫博学多才，能诗善文，工书法，精绘艺，擅金石，通律吕，解鉴赏。特别是书法和绘画成就最高，开创元代新画风，被称为“元人冠冕”。而且是楷书四大家之一！

Although there is only one original copy of Qingming Riverside Map, it can be copied by many later masters, which is enough to reflect its value. Zhao Mengfu is well-read, capable of poetry, writing, calligraphy, fine painting, good at epigraphy, and understanding appreciation. In particular, calligraphy and painting achieved the highest achievement, creating a new style of painting in Yuan Dynasty, which was called "the crown of Yuan people". And it is one of the four masters of regular script!

此幅清明上河图 。图中所绘城廓市桥屋庐之远近高下，草树牛驴驼之大小出没，以及居者行者，舟车之往还先后，皆曲尽其仪态而莫可数记，全副场面浩大，内容极为丰富，整幅画作气势宏大、构图严谨、笔法细致，充分表现了画家对社会生活的深刻洞察力和高超的艺术表现能力，是众仿中极精之作，具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值。

This Qingming Riverside Map. The distance between the city walls, bridges and houses, the size of grass, trees, cows, donkeys and camels, as well as the travelers, and the journeys of boats and cars, all of which are graceful and uncountable, with huge scenes and rich contents. The whole painting is magnificent, rigorous in composition and meticulous in brushwork, which fully shows the painter's profound insight into social life and superb artistic expression ability. It is an excellent work of imitation and has high historical and artistic value

清明上河图在中国乃至世界绘画史上都是独一无二的。在三米多长的画卷里，共绘了数量庞大的各色人物，牛、骡、驴等牲畜，车、轿、大小船只，房屋、桥梁、城楼等各有特色，体现了宋代建筑的特征。具有很高的历史价值和艺术价值。

The Qingming Riverside Painting is unique in the history of painting in China and even in the world. In the three-meter-long picture scroll, there are a large number of various characters, such as cattle, mules, donkeys and other livestock, cars, boats, houses, bridges, towers and so on, which have their own characteristics, reflecting the architectural features of the Song Dynasty. It has high historical value and artistic value.

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