古玩城2020精品推荐第二期：战国垣币

战国“垣”字圜钱，圆形圆孔薄饼形，面背平夷，厚肉薄缘，穿孔缘和外缘极薄锐利。面文篆书“垣”。背无文。圜钱是指圆形而中有圆孔的钱，有来源于纺织工具纺轮和礼仪装饰用品玉璧、玉环两种说法。先秦圜钱有以釿、化和铢两为价值单位的三个类型，分别流行于周王朝与韩、魏国、齐、赵、燕国和秦国，有漆垣一釿、共半釿、垣、蔺、賹化、重一两十四铢、半两等。随着秦国的强盛，秦国统一铸行的半两钱逐渐推向全国。圜钱较为稀少。

During the Warring States period, the word "Yuan" was used to make money. It was round, round, thin and pancake shaped, with flat surface and back. It was thick and thin, with extremely thin and sharp perforating edge and outer edge. "Yuan" in seal script. No words on my back. The round money refers to the round money with round holes in it, which comes from the spinning wheel of textile tools and the jade Bi and the jade ring, which are the ritual ornaments. There are three types of yuan coins in the Pre-Qin Dynasty, which are mainly in Zhou Dynasty, Han Dynasty, Wei Dynasty, Qi Dynasty, Zhao Dynasty, Yan Dynasty and Qin Dynasty. They are lacquer yuan, half yuan, yuan, Lin Dynasty, Conghua Dynasty, double fourteen baht and half two. With the prosperity of the Qin state, half of the money cast by the unified Bank of the Qin state gradually spread to the whole country. The money is scarce.

最早的圜钱，是魏国所铸的“共”、“垣”、“共屯赤金”等。圜钱主要流行于三晋两周地区。圜钱是战国时期最为进步的一种金属铸币形态，它体积小、便于携带，铸造工艺简单，因此战国中期以后各国的铸币都有圜形化的趋势。

The earliest round money was "Gong", "Yuan" and "Gong Tun Chi Jin" forged by the state of Wei. Yuan money is mainly popular in the area of three Jin and two weeks. Round coin is the most advanced form of metal coinage in the Warring States period. It is small in size, easy to carry, and simple in casting process. Therefore, the coinage of various countries after the middle of the Warring States period has a trend of round forming.

一、魏国的垣、共字圜钱外，其余的圆孔圜钱均在战国末一二十年内铸行。

二、上述圜钱上的文字多为城名，多在黄河中流以东的汾水流域，黄河以西的洛河流域，以及黄河以南的伊洛河流域，恰是当年秦和周王畿及赵、魏接触的地带，看来在这个时候赵国已经把中山国占领。

三、上列圜钱除垣、共两种圜钱外，其余很稀少，有的迄今还是孤品，可见距离秦国统一六国改革币制的时间不会很长。

四、出土最多的是垣、共字两种圜钱，特别以垣字圜钱出土居多。圜钱总的出土量很少，在战国时期的币制中，仅是一个小小的体系，但它使战国中期以后各地经济联系更为紧密、商品交换更为频繁、货币日趋统一的主要发展标志，它也是一种承上启下的重要的货币形式。 

1、 In addition to the yuan and Gongzi yuan coins in the state of Wei, the remaining round hole yuan coins were cast in the late Warring States period.

2、 Most of the words on the yuan Qian are city names, mostly in the Fenshui River basin to the east of the middle stream of the Yellow River, the Luohe River basin to the west of the Yellow River, and the iluo river basin to the south of the Yellow River, which were the contact areas between Qin and Zhou Wangji, Zhao and Wei. It seems that at this time Zhao state had occupied Zhongshan state.

3、 In addition to yuan and two kinds of yuan, the rest of the yuan money listed above is very rare. Some of them are still isolated so far. It can be seen that it will not be long before Qin unified the six countries to reform the currency system.

4、The most frequently unearthed coins are yuan and common characters, especially yuan characters. The total amount of yuan coins unearthed is very small. In the currency system of the Warring States period, it is only a small system. However, it makes the economic ties of all regions closer, commodity exchanges more frequent, and currency increasingly unified after the middle of the Warring States period. It is also an important form of currency connecting the preceding and the following.

千百年来，古钱币历经沧桑，存世数量越来越少，投资价值日益升高，近十年来，古钱币市场行情一路走高，特别是一些中高端古钱币十分抢手，如在2009年11月中国秋季交易会钱币专场中，一枚极其罕见的清代咸丰通宝宝福局背字“大清壹百”以196万元人民币的高价成交，尤其是在2010年5月中国春交易古钱专场中，存世孤品——战国赵铸大型“武阳”背“一两”三孔布以100万起交易，经过各位买家近40次激烈竞价，最终以352.8万元人民币的天价成交，创出当时古钱交易新纪录。那最近几年古钱币市场逐渐走好，价格也是越来越高。

For thousands of years, the number of ancient coins has gone through vicissitudes, the number of them has become less and less, and the investment value has been increasing. In the past decade, the market of ancient coins has gone all the way up, especially some middle and high-end ancient coins are very popular. For example, in November 2009, in the Chinese autumn trade fair, an extremely rare Qing Dynasty Xianfeng Tongbao Baofu Bureau recited the word "Qing 100" with a high value of 1.96 million yuan In May 2010, in the special session of ancient money transaction in spring of China, Zhao Zhu of Warring States period, a large-scale "Wuyang" back "one or two" three hole cloth, made one million transactions. After nearly 40 times of fierce bidding by all buyers, he finally made a deal at a high price of 352800 yuan, setting a new record of ancient money transaction at that time. In recent years, the market of ancient coins has gradually improved, and the price has also become higher and higher.

钱币收藏专家认为：古钱币是一个国家历史中组成的重要部分，就其特定的历史时期在钱币史上占据着重要的地位，它不仅代表着近代中国的货币文化，反映了我国近代历史、经济、 金融的兴衰和沧桑，具有很高的艺术观赏价值和文物价值。

According to the experts of coin collection, ancient coins are an important part of a country's history. They occupy an important position in the history of coins in terms of their specific historical period. They not only represent the currency culture of modern China, but also reflect the rise and fall of modern history, economy and finance of our country. They have high artistic and cultural value.

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